Physical Exercise and Drill

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Chapter 6: Physical Exercise & Drill | Grade 8 HP&CA | NMA
New Millennium Academy · Birauta, Pokhara-17 · Class 8 · HP&CA · 2083 B.S.
Grade 8 · HP&CA · Chapter 6

Physical Exercise
& Drill

Health, Physical & Creative Arts | New Millennium Academy

2083 B.S. | Pokhara

🏃

Introduction to Physical Exercise and Drill

Physical training means doing physical activities to keep the parts of our body strong and fit. (शारीरिक तालिम = physical training)

A drill is a group activity where everyone does the same movements at the same time by following commands given by a leader. Drills help us learn physical balance (शारीरिक सन्तुलन) and discipline (अनुशासन).

💪 Physical Exercise

Builds strength, flexibility and fitness of individual body parts. You can do it alone or in a group.

🎖️ Drill

Builds teamwork (सहकार्य), rhythm and discipline. Always done in a group following commands together.

💪

6.1 Physical Exercise

Before starting any exercise, we must consider our age, fitness level, timing, type of exercise, nutrition (पोषण) and proper training. Regular practice builds strength and fitness, helping the body perform better in all activities.

PT Activity 6.1

🧘 Neck Exercise

Why do this exercise? It makes the neck strong and flexible (लचिलो), allowing easy rotation of the head in all directions. This helps in sports, daily movement and reducing neck pain.
🧍
Starting Position: Stand at ease with both hands placed on your armpits (काखी). Keep your back straight and feet slightly apart.
Starting position – hands on armpits, at ease

🧍 Starting position — hands on armpits, body straight and relaxed.

CountActionNepali Hint
1Turn head to the left — look toward your left shoulderबायाँ फर्कनुहोस्
2Return head to straight/centreसिधा आउनुहोस्
3Turn head to the right — look toward your right shoulderदायाँ फर्कनुहोस्
4Return to straightसिधा आउनुहोस्
5Drop chin to chest — look downwardठुडो छातीमा लगाउनुहोस्
6Return to straightसिधा आउनुहोस्
7Look up — tilt head backward to stretch the back of the neckमाथि हेर्नुहोस्
8Return to straightसिधा आउनुहोस्

🔁 Counts 9–16 repeat the same sequence.

See the stages below:

Neck exercise overview diagram – all stages

📌 Overview diagram of all four stages of the neck exercise.

Neck exercise – left and right turn stages

➡️ Left turn (Count 1) and Right turn (Count 3) — keep shoulders still, only the head rotates.

🔄
Count 1

Head Left — turn slowly toward your left shoulder. Hold for one beat.

🔄
Count 3

Head Right — turn slowly toward your right shoulder. Keep posture firm.

⬇️
Count 5

Chin to Chest — lower the chin gently. Stretches the back of the neck.

⬆️
Count 7

Look Up — tilt head backward. Stretches the front of the neck.

Neck exercise – chin to chest and look up stages

⬇️ Count 5: Chin to chest — ⬆️ Count 7: Look up to stretch the back of the neck.

Neck exercise – final position and posture check

🏁 Returning to straight position after each count — always come back to centre before the next movement.

PT Activity 6.2

🧘 Neck Exercise (Part 2)

Why do this exercise? This second neck activity continues to build flexibility (लचकता) and strength around the neck muscles from additional directions, complementing Activity 6.1.
🧍
Starting Position: Same as Activity 6.1 — hands on armpits, body straight, feet slightly apart.
Neck exercise activity 6.2 – movement stages overview

📌 Activity 6.2 — full sequence of neck movements. Follow each count carefully with controlled speed.

Neck exercise activity 6.2 – detailed positions

🔍 Detailed positions for Activity 6.2. Notice how the body stays still — only the neck and head move.

Neck exercise activity 6.2 – final position and return

🏁 Final and return positions for Activity 6.2. Always end by returning to the upright starting posture.

PT Activity 6.3

💪 Chest, Trunk, Abdomen & Hand Exercise

Why do this exercise? It improves your ability to lift, jump, bend and perform in sports by strengthening the chest (छाती), trunk (धड़) and abdomen (पेट).
🧍
Starting Position: Stand with hands on armpits, feet slightly apart, back straight.
CountActionNepali Hint
1–3Bend forward — lean the trunk toward the ground and try to touch the floor with your fingersअगाडि झुक्नुहोस् — औंलाले जमिन छुनुहोस्
4Return to straight/starting positionसिधा उभिनुहोस्
5–7Bend backward — lean the trunk backward to stretch the chest and abdomenपछाडि झुक्नुहोस् — छाती र पेट तानिनुहोस्
8Return to straight/starting positionसिधा उभिनुहोस्
Forward and backward bend sequence – trunk and abdomen exercise

⬇️ Forward bend (Counts 1–3): Try to touch the ground with your fingers. Keep knees straight. ⬆️ Backward bend (Counts 5–7): Stretch the chest and abdomen fully.

Abdomen exercise – return to starting posture

🏁 Returning to the starting position at Count 4 and Count 8. Always stand straight before beginning the next count.

Trunk and abdomen exercise – complete position guide

📌 Complete position guide for Activity 6.3 — forward bend, return, backward bend, return.

⬇️
Counts 1–3

Forward Bend — fingers toward the ground. Feel the stretch in your back and hamstrings.

🧍
Count 4

Straight — return to starting position. Breathe in as you rise.

⬆️
Counts 5–7

Backward Bend — chest opens up, abdomen stretches. Move slowly and carefully.

🧍
Count 8

Straight — return to starting position. Ready for the next round.

PT Activity 6.4

🏋️ Hands, Arms & Shoulders Exercise

Why do this exercise? Strengthens the upper body — hands (हात), arms (भुजा) and shoulders (काँध) — and improves flexibility. Useful for cricket, basketball, volleyball and all throwing and catching sports.
🧍
Starting Position: Stand straight. You will step forward with one leg during the exercise.
CountActionNepali Hint
1Step left leg forward, raise arms straight to the front (shoulder level)बायाँ खुट्टा अगाडि — हात सामुने उठाउनुहोस्
2Raise arms straight up above the headहात माथि उठाउनुहोस्
3Spread arms sideways (like a T-shape), palms facing downहात दुवैतिर फैलाउनुहोस्
4Return to starting positionसुरुको ठाउँमा फर्कनुहोस्
5–8Repeat the same sequence (Counts 1–4) with right leg forwardदायाँ खुट्टा अगाडि राखेर दोहोर्याउनुहोस्
Arm and shoulder exercise – front raise, overhead raise, sideways stretch

➡️ Stage A (Count 1): Arms front at shoulder level. ⬆️ Stage B (Count 2): Arms raised above the head. ↔️ Stage C (Count 3): Arms spread sideways like a T-shape, palms down.

Arm exercise – right leg forward repetition and return to start

🔁 Counts 5–8: Repeat the exact same arm movements with the right leg stepping forward. Return to starting position at Count 8.

➡️
Count 1

Arms Front — raise straight forward to shoulder level. Left leg steps forward.

⬆️
Count 2

Arms Up — raise above the head, fully stretched upward.

↔️
Count 3

Arms Sideways — spread to a T-shape, palms facing down toward the ground.

🔙
Count 4

Return — bring feet together and lower arms to starting position.

🎖️

6.2 Drill

What is a Drill?
A drill is a group activity with command (आदेश), action (कार्य) and rhythm (लय). The team leader uses counting, drums or whistle to keep everyone moving together. All members move at exactly the same time.

📋 How to Practice Drills

  • Form rows and columns so everyone can see the leader clearly.
  • Place the leader in the centre so instructions are visible to all.
  • Count from right to left during each move.
  • Always stay in attention posture (सावधान मुद्रा) before each command.
  • Practice slowly first, then gradually increase speed.

🎖️ Drill Commands & Activities

Attention and Stand at Ease positions

🧍 Attention: Heels together, chest out, arms at sides, hands in loose fists. Body fully alert.  |  🚶 Stand at Ease: Feet apart, hands clasped behind the back. Relaxed but ready.

Right turn and Left turn drill positions

Right Turn: Pivot on the right heel, turning 90° to the right. ⏪ Left Turn: Pivot on the left heel, turning 90° to the left. Keep back straight during the turn.

Mark time drill – lifting legs in rhythm

🎵 Mark Time: Lift legs alternately in place, keeping rhythm with the drum or whistle. You are marching without moving forward — stay in one spot.

About turn – 180 degree turn

🔄 About Turn: Turn 180° (completely around) in a controlled manner. You will now face the opposite direction.

Disperse and Dismiss positions

👋 Disperse: Step forward, greet and take a short break — you will return.  |  🎖️ Dismiss: Give a salute and the drill session officially ends.

📢 All Drill Commands

🧍
Attention
Heels together, chest out, fists loose. Fully alert and ready. (सावधान)
🚶
Stand at Ease
Feet apart, hands behind the back. Relaxed position. (विश्राम)
Right Turn
Pivot on right heel, 90° turn to the right. (दायाँ मोड)
Left Turn
Pivot on left heel, 90° turn to the left. (बायाँ मोड)
🔄
About Turn
Turn 180° with control — face the opposite direction. (पछाडि मोड)
🎵
Mark Time
Lift legs in place with rhythm — march on the spot. (ठाउँमै कदम)
🛑
Halt
Stop all movement, return to attention position. (रोकिनुहोस्)
🚀
Forward March
Move forward in step and correct posture. (अगाडि बढ)
👀
Eyes Right
Look to the right while holding your posture and march. (दायाँ हेर)
👁️
Eyes Straight
Return gaze to straight ahead after Eyes Right. (सिधा हेर)
👋
Disperse
Step forward, greet — short break, will return. (विसर्जन — थोरै बिराम)
🎖️
Dismiss
Salute and the drill session officially ends. (बिदाइ — अभ्यास समाप्त)

Exercise Questions & Answers

Q. a List different drill commands.
Ans: The different drill commands are: Attention, Stand at Ease, Right Turn, Left Turn, About Turn, Mark Time, Halt, Forward March, Eyes Right, Eyes Straight, Disperse and Dismiss.
सावधान, विश्राम, दायाँ मोड, बायाँ मोड, पछाडि मोड, ठाउँमै कदम, रोकिनुहोस्, अगाडि बढ, दायाँ हेर, सिधा हेर, विसर्जन, बिदाइ।
Q. b How does drill develop collective emotion and cooperation?
Ans: In drill, everyone moves together at exactly the same time by following the same commands. Because of this, students start to feel like one united team. They learn to trust each other, listen carefully, and stay in rhythm with others. This builds teamwork (सहकार्य), unity (एकता), and a feeling that "we are all together" — which is called collective emotion (सामूहिक भावना). Everyone feels responsible for the group's performance.
Q. c Write two differences between physical exercise and drills.
Ans:
No.Physical ExerciseDrill
1. It focuses on strengthening specific body muscles (मांसपेशी). It focuses on synchronization (एकसाथ गर्ने) and discipline (अनुशासन).
2. It can be done individually (एक्लै) or in a group. It always requires a group moving together by following commands.
Q. d Write two ways of doing shoulder exercise.
Ans:

Way 1: Step the left leg forward and raise arms to the front, then up, then sideways (Counts 1–4).

Way 2: Step the right leg forward and repeat the exact same arm movements — front, up, sideways, and return (Counts 5–8).

💡 Both ways use the same arm pattern, but the stepping leg changes — first left leg, then right leg.

Q. e Write two benefits of abdomen exercise.
Ans:

1. It strengthens the trunk (धड़) and abdomen (पेट) muscles, making forward and backward bending easier.

2. It protects the spine (मेरुदण्ड) and improves our body posture (शारीरिक मुद्रा), reducing back pain and injury.

Q. f Write two ways of abdomen and trunk exercise.
Ans:

Way 1 — Forward Bend: From the starting position, lean the trunk forward and try to touch the ground with your fingers (Counts 1–3), then return straight (Count 4).

Way 2 — Backward Bend: From the straight position, lean the trunk backward with hands on the waist to stretch the abdomen and chest (Counts 5–7), then return straight (Count 8).

Q. g Which games are suitable for hand and arm exercise? Why?
Ans: Cricket (क्रिकेट), Basketball (बास्केटबल) and Volleyball (भलिबल) are most suitable for hand and arm exercise.

Why? Because in these sports, we constantly use our hands and arms to throw, hit, catch and serve the ball. Strong arms help us perform these actions with more power and accuracy, so these sports are a great way to exercise the arms and shoulders naturally while having fun.

Q. h Write two differences between Disperse and Dismiss.
Ans:
No.Disperse (विसर्जन)Dismiss (बिदाइ)
1. It is a short break — students step forward, greet, and take rest for a while before returning. It officially ends the drill session — students give a salute and the practice is finished for the day.
2. After dispersing, students are expected to come back and continue. After dismissal, there is no return — the session is completely over.
Q. i Clarify: "Regular exercise helps us to be healthy."
Ans: This statement is completely true. When we exercise regularly, many good things happen to our body and mind:
  • Our muscles (मांसपेशी), heart (मुटु) and lungs (फोक्सो) become stronger.
  • The risk of diseases (बिमारी) like diabetes and heart problems is reduced.
  • Our mood improves (मनस्थिति सुध्रिन्छ) and we feel less stressed.
  • We sleep better (राम्रो निद्रा) and have more energy (शक्ति) throughout the day.

So regular exercise does not just make us physically fit — it also keeps our mind healthy and happy.

Q. j Write the importance of drills and PT.
Ans: Drills and PT (Physical Training) are very important for students because:
  • They improve physical fitness (शारीरिक स्वास्थ्य) — making the body strong and active.
  • They build discipline (अनुशासन) and teach us to follow rules properly.
  • They develop teamwork (सहकार्य) and leadership (नेतृत्व) skills.
  • They improve concentration (एकाग्रता) and keep the mind sharp and focused.
  • They support mental health (मानसिक स्वास्थ्य) and help build good character (चरित्र निर्माण).

That is why drills and PT are made a part of school education — they make students healthy, disciplined and good team players.

🏅

Final Summary

🏃

PT Activities 6.1 & 6.2

Neck exercises in multiple directions — builds flexibility and prevents neck stiffness.

💪

PT Activity 6.3

Trunk, chest & abdomen — forward and backward bending strengthens the core and spine.

🏋️

PT Activity 6.4

Hands, arms & shoulders — three-stage arm movement improves upper body strength.

🎖️

Drill

12 commands — builds discipline, unity, rhythm and collective teamwork in students.

💪 Practice regularly for a strong body, sharp mind and team spirit!

नियमित अभ्यास गर्नुहोस् — स्वस्थ रहनुहोस्, खुसी रहनुहोस्!

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New Millennium Academy (NMA)

Birauta, Pokhara-17, Kaski, Nepal | 2083 B.S.

📖 Grade 8 · HP&CA · Chapter 6: Physical Exercise & Drill

www.nripendraswaracharya.com.np

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